High School Curriculum

About The English Program

Four credits in English are required for graduation. St. Mary’s Academy English department provides an academically rigorous curriculum that allows students to further their knowledge of and appreciation for the English language and literature in general.In the Loretto tradition, all English courses include women writers and writers of varying backgrounds as well as many of the canon authors. The 9th grade curriculum exposes students to a broad array of genres and intensive instruction on organization in writing. The 10th grade English course centers on world literature, with cross-curriculum bridges to history and religion. Students in grades 11 and 12 may choose from a range of classes spanning African literature to Modernism—in this way, the English department mirrors the curriculum of many universities and caters to the interests of our students.

9th Grade Literature

Grade 9 (Required 9th-grade course)
The freshman curriculum is designed to expose students to a variety of literary perspectives, develop habits of critical thinking, and build vocabulary and writing skills. As such, the texts we study span from classics of Greek mythology to contemporary poets and novelists. While we build fluency in reading and writing, we will study how literary works speak to each other across eras and genres. Therefore, this class takes a thematic approach to course instruction rather than a chronological study of literary history. In addition to the literature curriculum, we will also focus heavily on analytical writing as a starting point for literary analysis. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

American Feminist Poets

Open to grades 11 and 12
The legal and cultural status of women changed radically in 20th-century American culture. In this class, we will read poetry written by women, including many self-identified feminists, that addresses key questions arising from this massive cultural shift. How can women writers enter a tradition that has largely excluded their voices? How closely tied are the various “waves” of feminism and various schools of modern poetry? Is “poetry written by a feminist” the same thing as “feminist poetry”? We will read poems and essays by key figures in 20th-century poetry. We’ll explore the connections between feminist philosophies and artistic practices and examine how feminist criticism influences contemporary literary studies. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

African Literature

Open to grades 11 and 12
In this course we will look at a number of African authors and their works from around the continent. The students will learn about the different regions and cultures that generated the works as well as the general themes which are common to all African literature. These themes include but are not limited to: the individual within the community, the issue of education, postcolonial gains and losses, and the legacy of European colonialism on the continent. All students within the course will be required to write a number of academic essays and demonstrate knowledge of the texts read. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

AP Language and Composition

Grades 11 and 12
Advanced Placement English Language and Composition focuses on rhetorical analysis of predominantly nonfiction works, including expository, argumentative, analytical, and personal texts from diverse authors and time periods. The two primary goals for AP English Language are developing critical literacy and facilitating informed citizenship, so that students may become more responsibly engaged in social justice issues and civic life through their command of language. To that end, we will examine how authors utilize both writing and images to articulate their personal experiences and to persuade an audience. Students should be prepared for intensive reading and writing in order to learn how to apply rhetorical strategies, analyze information from source texts, and explore new types of written expression. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

AP Literature and Composition

Grades 11 and 12
Advanced Placement Literature and Composition is reserved for the stronger English students in grades 11 and 12. The first semester requires students to delve into serious and complex literature that spans 2400 years of literary tradition and history. In the second semester the focus is on preparation for the exam. Students complete a challenging study of poetry and write on AP English prompts every week. The spring session of the course is titled AP English II. (1.5 credits; full block fall, half block spring)

British Literature

Open to grades 11 and 12
British Literature deals with a broad range of English literature—from Shakespeare to Virginia Woolf. It is not a survey course but does address the strength and merit of the accepted canon. Each work will, in essence, be considered contextually. It is the job of the course to investigate and discuss the important themes of these works. It is the job of each student to write in-depth essays expressing the ideas and themes brought up in British Literature. It should be noted that this is a course wherein strength in academic writing is stressed. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Contemporary Literature

Open to grades 11 and 12
Contemporary Literature investigates and examines a selection of literature from the second half of the Twentieth Century to the Present. Students in this course discuss and write about literary devices and themes particular to Postmodern and Contemporary poems, short stories, plays, novels, and films. Selections are contextualized by history, psychology, philosophy, and culture. Students will write to explore through journals and to analyze through critical responses and essays. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Creative Writing

Open to grades 9-12

The goal of this course is to introduce students to the four central genres of creative writing: fiction, theatre, poetry, and creative nonfiction. We will read a variety of works in each of the genres as a springboard to writing our own examples. This course is only for those students who are truly interested in creative writing; you will be creating your own work on a daily basis, and you will be expected to challenge yourself. In addition, you will also develop your critical thinking skills through reading and critiquing the work of your peers and are expected to be mature about the constructive criticism you provide. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Introduction to College Writing

Grade 12
Introduction to College Writing is a workshop course in which students will develop the skills necessary to excel in writing for college classes. Each paper assigned is designed to provide students with the opportunity to structure and compose a variety of papers including, but not limited to, personal narratives (suitable for use as a college essay), journal article reviews, in-class essays, and research papers. Students will also create a portfolio of their work at the end of the semester. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Literary Magazine Production

Grades 11 and 12
Students in this course partake in the production process of the annual SMA literary magazine, The Burning Page. Students execute most of the production aspects of the magazine, which include working with art and literature. Students gain excellent technical skills and knowledge about the production process. (0.5 credit; half block, one semester)

Nature in the Literary Imagination

Open to grades 11 and 12
Nature in the Literary Imagination explores how humans have imagined and interacted with nature across centuries. This course includes experiential learning in tandem with readings, using texts from a variety of literary movements and cultural traditions such as Transcendentalism, Romanticism, Indigenous authors, contemporary nature and eco-writers, and religious texts. Students write analytical essays on texts as well as creative non-fiction based on their experiences in the natural world, and they journal each day in order to learn how to observe and be more present in nature. Field trips to explore writing about nature include the following possibilities: The Botanical Gardens, The Denver Museum of Nature and Science, hikes in a variety of conditions and habitats such as the foothills, the Rocky Mountains, the Platte River, Red Rocks, Prairie at Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge, and the Audubon Center. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Science Fiction

Open to grades 11 and 12

Science fiction asks us to question the most fundamental aspects of life: what it means to be human, what creates a society, and what happens when social structures evolve. In this class, we will read and watch classic and contemporary science fiction, examining the texts as both literary and cultural artifacts. Through our reading, writing, and discussion, we will develop skills of critical thinking and cultural analysis. Evaluation will be based on class participation, essays, creative projects, short writing assignments, and tests. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Voices of Social Justice: Poetry and Resistance

Grades 11 and 12
In times of crisis, people often turn to poetry. This course will examine poems (and other texts, including music) from across historical eras that have borne witness to historical events, provided testimony of injustice, or been created in response to social movements. Students will analyze these poems and learn about their historical context to explore the ways literature responds to and shapes our understanding of the past. This class will be run as a seminar, with in-class time spent on discussion, critical thinking, and journals, while major assignments will include analytical essays, creative writing, and a research project. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

World Literature

Required 10th grade course
This course will cover the span of written communication from the ancient epic of Gilgamesh to Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s contemporary novel Purple Hibiscus. The titles read and the analysis conducted will coincide with the progression of humanity from prehistory to the present day. We will study the nature of written and spoken communication as it has documented and changed our lives and the lives of our ancestors, with an eye toward examining perspectives different from our own and becoming truly global citizens. Academic writing skills will be worked on extensively throughout the semester. (1 credit; part of two-block, one semester World Visions course)

About The Mathematics Program

Four credits in math are required for graduation. Knowledge of algebra, geometry, and trigonometry is considered necessary for success in college and work. Every student is thus required to complete through Trigonometry and Transcendentals. In the spring, the math department issues each continuing student a formal notice of course(s) she is qualified to take in the following year.

Algebra I

This is a required course taken prior to Geometry. It is focused on establishing fluency with variables in writing, solving, graphing and understanding equations. Students refine and practice operational skills. They study linear and quadratic equations, inequalities, polynomials, and exponential functions. Throughout, they become familiar with the vocabulary and patterns of reasoning used in mathematics and its applications. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Accelerated Algebra

Prerequisite: Math Department approval at placement
This course encompasses the fundamental concepts of Algebra while proceeding at a faster pace than Algebra I. From the start, the focus will be on the later chapters and will cover more advanced and rigorous problem sets. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Geometry

Prerequisite: Algebra I or Math Department approval at placement
The course exposes students to Euclidean geometry, covering the essentials for further work in high school and for success on the SAT/ACT tests. Students examine lines, angles, triangles, polygons, and circles while learning concepts such as congruence, similarity, trigonometric ratios, area, and volume. Students use definitions, postulates, theorems, proof techniques, and geometry software to prove conjectures, solve problems, and illustrate results. Students apply principles and skills of algebra throughout. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Note: This course is required prior to Algebra II.

Honors Geometry

Prerequisite: Math Department recommendation or approval at placement
This rigorous course proceeds at a faster pace and delves deeper into topics than the regular Geometry course. Students will engage more intensively with proofs, take their study of triangles and circles further, and face more challenging assignments and assessments. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Algebra II

Prerequisite: Geometry or Honors Geometry
This course allows students to dive deeper into advanced algebra topics, including linear, quadratic, polynomial, absolute value and piecewise functions. Students will develop fluency in the evaluation, graphs, transformations, and application of these functions. They will also work with imaginary numbers and systems of equations and inequalities. 

Trigonometry and Transcendentals

Prerequisite: Algebra II
This course will introduce students to radical, inverse, logarithmic, exponential, and circular/trigonometric functions. Students will focus on the algebraic and graphical analysis and applications of these functions.

Honors Algebra II & Trigonometry

Prerequisite: (Geometry or Honors Geometry) and Math Department Approval
This course is for students with a very strong background in Algebra who are able to work at a significantly faster pace.  This class focuses on seven types of functions: linear, quadratic, polynomial, radical, exponential, logarithmic, and trigonometric. Students will become versed in the evaluation, inverses, graphs, transformation, and application of these functions. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Business Math and Statistics

Prerequisite: Trigonometry and Transcendentals or Honors Algebra 2 and Trig
This elective course open to juniors and seniors focusses on real-world mathematical content that is applicable in students’ lives. In addition to exploring the financial decisions young adults will encounter beyond high school (investing, saving, borrowing, and credit), students will continue to apply advanced algebra techniques such as regressions and logarithms.  Current events viewed through a global, economic perspective give students an opportunity to collect, analyze, and interpret data with statistical methods widely used in the social sciences, engineering, and medicine. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

College Algebra

Prerequisite: Algebra II & Trigonometry (Regular or Honors)
This course is designed for students who wish to deepen their understanding of the mathematical concepts necessary for college work.  Students will strengthen their algebraic and analytical skills while preparing for success in pre-calculus courses and on college placement tests. Students extend their knowledge and understanding of algebraic expressions, equations, inequalities, and functions, including inverse, exponential, and logarithmic. They will apply these concepts and associated skills to real-world applications. (1 credit, full block, one semester)

Pre-AP Calculus

Prerequisite: (Honors Algebra II & Trigonometry) or (College Algebra and Math Department Approval)
This course is for students with a demonstrated aptitude for advanced high school mathematics as it is significantly more demanding than the prerequisite courses. Students further their knowledge of the essential foundations of calculus: piecewise, exponential, logarithmic, power, sinusoidal, inverse trigonometric, polynomial, and rational functions.  Students will become fluent in the composition, transformation, and inverses of these functions while developing the graphing calculator skills needed for success on standardized tests.(1 credit; full block, one semester)

Calculus

Prerequisite: Pre-AP Calculus and Math Department Approval
This course is for students eager and able to continue their mathematical education beyond pre-calculus without the pace and pressure of the AP curriculum. It is designed as an introduction to the concepts and applications of both integral and differential calculus. Students will thoughtfully apply their pre-calculus knowledge of functions and graphing in studying limits, derivatives, continuity, antiderivatives, and the definite integral. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

AP Calculus AB

Prerequisite: Pre-AP Calculus and Math Department Approval
This demanding, college-level course emphasizes conceptual understanding and contextual applications of single variable calculus in preparation for the Advanced Placement exam in May.  After a brief review of pre-calculus topics, students study limits, derivatives, and the beginning of integration theory. They will refine their skills with the graphing calculator and other mathematical software as needed for computation and analysis on the AP exam. (1.5 credits; full block fall semester, half block spring semester) 

AP Calculus BC

Prerequisite: AP Calculus AB and Math Department Approval
This college-level course builds upon the AP Calculus AB program and prepares students for the AP Calculus BC exam. Students extend their knowledge of calculus through advanced applications and techniques of integration, differential equations, and power series. They also study the calculus of polar and parametrized curves. Students continue to develop their fluency with the graphing calculator and mathematical software to calculate, solve problems, and visualize results as needed for the AP exam.(1 credit; full block, spring semester)

AP Statistics

Prerequisite: Trigonometry and Transcendentals or Honors Algebra 2 and Trig
The AP Statistics course introduces students to the major concepts and tools for collecting, analyzing, and drawing conclusions from data. There are four themes evident in the content, skills, and assessment in the AP Statistics course: exploring data, sampling and experimentation, probability and simulation, and statistical inference. Students use technology, investigations, problem solving, and writing as they build conceptual understanding. The AP Statistics course is equivalent to a one-semester, introductory, non-calculus-based college course in statistics.

About The Physical Education Program

Each student is required to complete 0.5 credits of physical education per year at St. Mary’s Academy. Physical education credit may be earned by completing a semester course, successfully completing one season of a sport, or receiving approval for independent study.

Pilates

Open to all
This physical exercise class is an abdominally based practice and philosophy all in one. Discover the balance of breath, alignment, focus, and challenging core fitness while also learning the history, anatomy and kinesiology. This group will focus on learning about, lengthening and strengthening the small muscle groups (connective muscles) as well as overall balance of the body and its functions. (0.5 credit; half block, one semester)

Interscholastic Athletics

Sports practices and competitions are held outside of school hours before or after school daily. The majority of teams practice from 4pm–6pm with competitions in the afternoon and evenings. Students who complete one season from the following sports offered at St. Mary’s Academy will receive physical education credit. Sports marked with an asterisk are done with teams at other schools but receive credit at St. Mary’s Academy. (0.5 credit; one season) Fall Sports:⠂Cross country⠂Field hockey⠂Softball*⠂Volleyball; Winter Sports:⠂Basketball⠂Dance⠂Swimming and Diving; Spring Sports:⠂Golf⠂Tennis⠂Soccer⠂Lacrosse⠂Track*

Independent Study

Prerequisite: Athletic Director’s approval
Prior approval must be granted by the high school principal and certain requirements must be met in order for credit to be received for independent study. In general, this option is designed for students who participate regularly in a physical activity that is not offered here at SMA. Some examples of this might be ice skating or horseback riding. Valid activities must have a qualified instructor and meet certain requirements. Occasional recreational pursuits do not qualify. (0.5 credit; one semester)

About The Science Program

A total of four science credits are required for graduation. The St. Mary’s Academy science curriculum develops in students the ability to read scientific material and to communicate scientific work with clarity, cohesiveness, and meaning. Students will learn to plan and conduct scientific investigations, understand and utilize technology, develop an awareness of ethical issues in science, and recognize the role of science in the global community.

AP Biology

For Juniors and Seniors. Prerequisites: Biology and Chemistry
This course is equivalent to a two-semester college introductory biology course. The emphasis is on science practices such as concept explanation, visual representation, scientific questions/methods, data analysis/representation, and argumentation. It is organized around four big ideas: evolution, cellular energetics,  information transfer, and system interactions. The first semester covers biochemistry, cell biology, cellular energetics, and cell communication. (2.0 credits; full block, both semesters)

AP Chemistry

Prerequisite: A in Chemistry I, completion of College Algebra or concurrent enrollment in Pre-Calc
This is an advanced placement course designed to prepare the student for the AP Chemistry exam. The course covers the equivalent of one full year of college level General Chemistry. The course is a rigorous math-based course, with a strong laboratory component. It is intended for students who have demonstrated a willingness to commit considerable time to studying and completing assignments outside of class. The course will develop the student’s ability to incorporate mathematical skills in the solution of chemistry problems, both through the use of textbook problems and laboratory activities. Significant emphasis will be placed on developing the student’s ability to solve problems through dimensional analysis and estimation. Students will be required to do extensive writing, and to keep a thorough and accurate ongoing laboratory notebook. (1.5 credits, 90 min block Fall semester, 45 block Spring semester)

AP Environmental Science 

Prerequisite: Biology and Chemistry
This course will be a study of the living and nonliving factors that make up the environment, the interactions between organisms, and the human impact on these various components. This is an interdisciplinary course that covers multiple content areas such as earth systems and resources, ecology and biodiversity, population growth, land and water use, energy resources and consumption, pollution, social and environmental justice, and global change. This is a lab-based course. (full block fall semester, 45 minutes spring semester, 1.5 credits)

AP Computer Science A

Prerequisite: Pre-AP Calculus or permission of instructor
Students will learn to design and implement computer programs that solve problems relevant to today’s society, including art, media, and engineering. AP Computer Science A teaches object-oriented programming using the Java language and is equivalent to a first semester, college-level course in computer science. It will emphasize problem solving and algorithm development, and use hands-on experiences and examples so that students can apply programming tools and solve complex problems. (1.0 credit; full block, fall semester)

AP Computer Science Principles

Prerequisite: Algebra 2 or permission of instructor
The AP Computer Science Principles course is designed to be equivalent to a first-semester introductory college computing course. In this course, students will develop computational thinking skills vital for success across all disciplines, such as using computational tools to analyze and study data and working with large data sets to analyze, visualize, and draw conclusions from trends. The course engages students in the creative aspects of the field by allowing them to develop computational artifacts based on their interests. Students will also develop effective communication and collaboration skills by working individually and collaboratively to solve problems, and will discuss and write about the impacts these solutions could have on their community, society, and the world. (1.0 credit; full block, spring semester)

AP Physics C Mechanics

Prerequisite: A Calculus course or co-enrollment
This course is designed to prepare students for the AP Physics C Mechanics exam, which is equivalent to a semester-long, calculus-based, introductory college-level physics course. It is especially appropriate for students planning to specialize or major in one of the physical sciences or engineering. Students cultivate their understanding of physics through classroom study, in-class activities, and hands-on, inquiry-based investigations. The course covers kinematics, Newton’s laws of motion, work, energy, power, systems of particles and linear momentum, circular motion and rotation, oscillations, and gravitation. AP Physics C will improve a student’s advanced problem-solving skills, laboratory work, and professional communication of data. (1.5 credits, full block Fall semester, 45 min block Spring semester)

Astronomy: The Universe and the Mirror

Open to Grades 9 through 12
Astronomy: The Universe and the Mirror is a course meant for students who have either taken Foundations of Astronomy, have more than casual knowledge of the subject, or are confident in their ability to handle an advanced high school astronomy class. In this class, we will engage in direct observation more frequently than in Foundations of Astronomy.  That means that students will be required to attend several dark sky events throughout the semester.  The methodology of astronomers will also be studied at greater depth in this class.  While rudimentary mathematics, optics, and physics will be taught in the class—some familiarity with these disciplines is recommended before taking the course.  The Universe and the Mirror will take your knowledge of astronomy to the next level and beyond. To quote a former student, “The universe does not disappoint.” (1 credit; full block, 1 semester)

Biology

Grade 9
This is a required course for all ninth graders and a prerequisite for all other science courses. Biology I covers major topics in biology including biochemistry, cell biology, cellular energetics, reproductive system, heredity, genetics, and evolution. This course is lab-based and prepares students to continue in upper level science courses. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Chemistry

Prerequisite: Biology and Algebra I; Open to grades 10-12
Chemistry I covers the history of chemistry, explores the uses of chemistry in various careers, and gives students the ability to cope with chemical questions and problems related to social issues. Topics will include structure and function of matter, atoms and the periodic table, chemical bonding, and chemical reactions. This is a lab-based course and fulfills the physical science course requirement. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Data Science

Open to grades 10-12
This introductory course will take students inside the world of data science. We will learn the basics in the fields of data science, data analytics, and data engineering to better understand how machine learning is shaping the future of business, healthcare, education, and more. Learners will also understand how to use the fundamental tools of a data analyst, and how to transform, organize, and visualize data with spreadsheet tools such as Excel. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Engineering and Design Thinking

Open to all grades
This course combines engineering and design thinking to develop problem-solving skills through real-world projects. Students will engage in interdisciplinary activities covering ideation, design, modeling, creation, and implementation. With an emphasis on collaboration and critical thinking, the curriculum will include hands-on learning with exposure to many types of tools and techniques, building a strong foundation for future engineering pursuits. (1.0 credit; full block, one semester)

Foundations of Astronomy

Open to Grades 9 through 12
Embark on a journey through the cosmos in Foundations of Astronomy. This introductory class explores the fundamental concepts of astronomy, including the structure of our solar system, the lifecycle of stars, the nature of galaxies, and the principles governing the universe. This is a half-block elective class that is open to all who are curious regardless of grade level. Access to St. Mary’s Academy’s very own planetarium and array of telescopes comes with the class. Join us and unlock the mysteries of the night sky! (.5 credit; half block, one semester)

Human Anatomy

Prerequisite: Biology
This course is a study of the form and function of the human body. Topics include an in-depth study of the major body systems: body tissues, integumentary system, skeletal system, muscular system, nervous system, cardiovascular system, endocrine system, immune system and reproductive system. This is a lab-based course that includes several dissections. Possible field trips include: Arapahoe Community College: Cadaver Workshop and Anschutz Medical Center: virtual human cadaver dissection. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Human Physiology

Prerequisite: Biology
Students will learn about the form and function of the human body. Topics include an in-depth study of the major body systems: cardiovascular system, respiratory, immune system, digestive system, and excretory system This is a lab-based course that includes several dissections, research projects and case studies.  Possible field trips include: Arapahoe Community College: Cadaver Workshop and Anschutz Medical Center: virtual human cadaver dissection.  (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Physics

Prerequisite: Biology and Algebra I
This course is designed to give students a basic understanding of the physical world while focusing on physical concepts with real-life applications and problem-solving. Concepts are reinforced through demonstrations, hands-on activities, and laboratory sessions. Topics include kinematics, dynamics, energy, electricity, heat, waves, and sound. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

About The Social Studies Program

Students are required to take four credits in social studies before they graduate. The social studies courses at St. Mary’s Academy teach students the fundamental concepts of geography, history, and political science, as well as the critical thinking skills associated with writing, reading, researching, analyzing, and evaluating evidence. Students take Global Citizenship in 9th grade and World Visions in 10th grade. Junior and senior year credit requirements can be met through a variety of electives offered by the social studies department. The electives will alternate each year so that students have the option of taking them either year.

AP African American Studies

Open to grades 11 and 12 (grade 10 with permission). Department approval required. AP African American Studies is an interdisciplinary course that examines the diversity of African American experiences through direct encounters with rich and varied sources. Students explore key topics that extend from early African kingdoms to the ongoing challenges and achievements of the contemporary moment. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

AP Art History

Open to grades 11 and 12 (grade 10 with permission). Department approval required. AP Art History is a chronological survey course studying world history through the examination of the visual arts, including sculpture, painting, and architecture. Students will experience the breadth of creative output from 35,000 B.C.E. to the present and gain skills in the appreciation and analysis of art in a historical context. The course will prepare students for the AP Art History exam which is given each May. (1.5 Credits; Full Block Fall Semester, Half Block Spring Semester)

AP Human Geography

Offered in the Spring only. Open to grades 11 and 12 (grade 10 with permission). Department approval required. The purpose of Advanced Placement Human Geography is to develop in students an understanding of how humans interact with the Earth; it is to learn the equivalent of a college introductory-level Geography course. Main themes and concepts covered are spatial relationships, human socioeconomics and its connection to environment, map skills, relationships of human processes and their interconnectedness, the peoples and cultures of the planet, and regional difference. The goal of this course is to instill in students a curiosity about their world and its people and give them the tools needed to think critically about being a modern world citizen. All enrolled students are expected to take the AP Exam in May. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

AP European History

Open to grades 11 and 12 (grade 10 with permission). Department approval required. AP European History is designed to be the equivalent of a two-semester introductory college or university European history course. Students in this course investigate significant European events, individuals, developments, and processes in four historical periods from approximately 1450 to the present. Students develop and use the same skills, practices, and methods employed by historians in an effort to analyze primary and secondary sources, develop historical arguments, make historical comparisons, and utilize reasoning about contextualization. Students who pass the AP exam with a 4 or higher can expect to earn college credit. (1.5 Credits; Full Block Fall Semester, Half Block Spring Semester)

AP United States History

Open to grades 11 and 12. Department approval required.
The purpose of Advanced Placement United States History is to develop in students a substantial knowledge of the social, political, cultural, economic, and military history of the United States. Students will analyze and interpret the past through class discussions, essays, presentations, and reflection. This course will prepare students for the Advanced Placement Exam in May. Every student enrolled in the AP course is expected to take the AP Exam. (1.5 Credits; Half Block Fall Semester, Full Block Spring Semester)

AP US Government

Open to grades 11 and 12 (grade 10 with permission). Department approval required.
AP U.S. Government and Politics provides a college-level, nonpartisan introduction to key political concepts, ideas, institutions, policies, interactions, roles, and behaviors that characterize the constitutional system and political culture of the United States. Students will study U.S. foundational documents, Supreme Court decisions, and other texts and visuals to gain an understanding of the relationships and interactions among political institutions, processes, and behaviors. Underpinning the required content of the course are several big ideas that allow students to create meaningful connections among concepts throughout the course. Students will also engage in skill development that requires them to read and interpret data, make comparisons and applications, and develop evidence-based arguments. In addition, they will complete a political science research or applied civics project. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

AP Psychology

Open to grades 11 and 12 (grade 10 with permission).
AP Psychology cultivates student understanding of the systematic and scientific study of human behavior and mental processes through inquiry-based investigations as they explore concepts like biological bases of behavior, cognition, development, learning, social psychology, personality, and mental and physical health

Current World Issues

Open to grades 11 and 12
Using the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as the foundation, this class covers global issues, including the international refugee crisis, food insecurity, conflict, and water. Students will gain awareness of the struggles of humanity and their effects, a responsibility to stay informed, and a realization of the capacity for change. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Global Citizenship

Grade 9
A foundational course designed to provide students the skills to partake in our globalized world. The first quarter emphasizes geography, civic knowledge, and academic skills that will benefit students beyond the classroom. Students will learn about the diversity and interdependence of the global environment and government systems. The second quarter emphasizes critical thinking and problem solving through the use of case studies. Students will examine historical debates to provide insights into the origin of the topic, echo modern discussion, and explore viable solutions. With privilege comes great responsibility and Global Citizenship will equip students with the tools necessary to bring the Loretto Values into our civic life. (Required, 1 credit, full block, 1 semester) 

Latin American Studies

Open to all
Using an interdisciplinary approach the course will examine the geography, history, culture, politics, economy, and environment of Latin America. We will begin with a look at the human and physical geography, political history, and development of contemporary Latin America. Subsequent units will touch on colonial legacy, neo-colonialism, race, gender, class, globalization, popular culture, the environment, tourism, regional conflicts, migration, etc. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

US History Through Social Movements

Open to all
The United States began as an anti-colonial struggle for freedom from Britain and an experiment with limited democracy. Since its establishment, the US has gone through social, political, and economic changes, wrestling with notions of who we are as a people, and what we stand for as a nation. In this course, students will explore how this change has been influenced by social movements, including but not limited to Seneca Falls to # MeToo, the Knights of Labor, the United Farm Workers, the Chicano Movement, Civil Rights, the Vietnam anti-war movement, AIM to Standing Rock, and Emmett Till to Black Lives Matter. We will analyze the conditions that allowed for the emergence of these movements and the people that made up these movements. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

US History with an Emphasis on Women

Open to all
Did you ever consider that women today can make life decisions that their grandmothers could only dream of and that their great-grandmothers could not have imagined? How did this happen? What role did women play in key events in American history? In this course, you will enhance your knowledge of women’s roles throughout American history by understanding a basic survey of United States history with an emphasis on women’s roles in that major era. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Women and Gender Studies

Open to grades 11 and 12
This course is an exploration of the social, cultural, political, and economic factors shaping gender identities and experiences. Through critical analysis, students examine the intersections of gender with race, class, sexuality, ethnicity, nationality, and other social categories. The course surveys historical and contemporary issues relevant to women's and gender studies, including feminist movements, reproductive rights, gender-based violence, media representations, labor inequalities, and LGBTQ+ rights. Must be a junior or senior. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

World History

Grade 10
The history component of the World Visions course explores the story of human societal development from the earliest humans through the 20th Century. Using an assortment of resources, along with The Big History Project online course, the major thresholds of increasing social complexity are used to better understand how we have gotten to where we are today. The student will gain an understanding that the process and reasons for historical cultural change can and should influence our choices about the future. (1 credit; part of two-block, one semester World Visions course)

About The Theological Studies Program

As a school in the Catholic tradition, the curriculum reflects a broad range of topics for students to study within a framework that includes essential elements of Catholic teaching set out by the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops. Additionally, as individuals committed to being agents of change, students in each grade perform community service hours (9th-10 hours, 10th-20 hours, 11th-30 hours, 12th-40 hours) and reflect theologically on this service in written form, discussion and presentations.

Theological Studies I: God, Revelation and Faith

Grade 9
This class is designed to help students explore, deepen, and enhance the relationships they have with themselves, others, and God. The Judeo-Christian tradition, the Hebrew and Christian Scriptures and understanding the student’s own spiritual journey is the basis for this course, with an emphasis on the Catholic perspective. Other elements of this course include understanding the power of prayer, examining morality in today’s society and skills for making good decisions. (1 credit; half block, one semester)

Theological Studies II: God’s Presence in the World

Grade 10
Students will be able to understand God in the world through a Judeo-Christian lens, by evaluating the writings and ideas of philosophers, Christian writers, and sacred scripture through dialogue and personal reflection.  Theology Two is designed to give students an opportunity to study Philosophy of Religion generally in the first half of the course, ending with the study of the Revelation of God through the incarnation of God in Jesus Christ. Students will explore how belief in God shapes how we see and interpret our experiences; how belief helps to foster meaning and resilience in the life of the believer; and finally that for Christians, Jesus is the fullest expression of divinity and the highest realization of humanity. (1 credit; half block, one semester)

Theological Studies III: Living the Ways of Love and Justice

Open to grades 11 and 12
Students will study the Judeo-Christian view of the human person, the process for the formation of conscience and elements of good decision-making. In the second part of the course, students will study and apply principles of justice articulated in the Scriptures and taught in faith traditions, particularly in the social teachings of the Catholic tradition. Strategies for making change will be examined and applied in students’ analyses of contemporary justice issues. (1 credit; half block, one semester)

Theological Studies IV: Sacraments and Prayer

Open to grades 11 and 12
Students come to understand that the Divine can be encountered in a full and real way in and through the sacraments and through building a relationship with God through prayer. Students will explore the sacramental nature of the Church itself, and learn about the Sacraments of Initiation (Baptism, Eucharist and Confirmation), the Sacraments of Healing (Reconciliation and Anointing of the Sick), and the Sacraments at the Service of Communion (Holy Orders and Marriage). The study of a sacramental worldview, the power of ritual and the grace of the sacraments will be understood as pathways to becoming aware of the Divine in ourselves and in the world. (1 credit; half block, one semester)

About The World Languages Program

The primary objective of a foreign language classroom is to teach students to know how, when, and why to say what to whom.Through thematic and cultural based lessons, students work on reading, writing, listening, and speaking in order to develop presentational, interpretive and interpersonal communication skills.

ASL I: American Sign Language

Open to grades 9-12
An introduction to American Sign Language conversational skills at the low-level Novice Range, and to developing culturally appropriate behaviors in Deaf culture.This course is an introduction to American Sign Language, the language used by Deaf people in the United States and most of Canada. This course will also provide introductory information on Deaf culture, since a language cannot be separated from its culture. Introduces students to the language and culture of Deaf people in the United States. The course will focus on specific language and cultural behaviors, as well as introduce students to the grammar of ASL. Both expressive and receptive skills of students will be the focus of the course, with a major emphasis placed on receptive skills. Students will participate extensively in interactive classroom activities using the “Voices Off” Policy to ensure ASL immersion. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

ASL II: American Sign Language

Prerequisite: Level I or teacher recommendation
An introduction to American Sign Language conversational skills at the mid-level Novice Range, and to developing culturally appropriate behaviors in Deaf culture.Continues the teaching of ASL, moving from signing concrete concepts to abstract concepts. Additional vocabulary, grammar and culture is covered to build on the core knowledge of the language. Both expressive and receptive skills of students will be the focus of the course, with an equal emphasis. Students will participate extensively in interactive classroom activities using the “Voices Off” Policy to ensure ASL immersion. In this course students will continue to examine the sign lexicon and basic concepts about the structure and use of American Sign Language. Grammatical features will be stressed along with syntax and structure. The course will also have a focus on Deaf culture, history, values, social norms and how they play an important role in the Deaf community. To appreciate and respect Deaf culture, you must understand the signed language. Students will learn appropriate cultural behaviors such as directing and maintaining attention, and a way of talking that keeps others informed. This course is appropriate for students who have basic knowledge of Sign Language to the point where they can function comfortably in a wide variety of situations in the Deaf Community. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

ASL III: American Sign Language

Prerequisite: Level II or teacher recommendation
An introduction to American Sign Language conversational skills at the high-level Novice Range, and to developing culturally appropriate behaviors in Deaf culture. The course continues the teaching of ASL, moving from signing concrete concepts to abstract concepts. Additional vocabulary, grammar and culture is covered to build on the core knowledge of the language. Both expressive and receptive skills of students will be the focus of the course, with an equal emphasis. Students will participate extensively in interactive classroom activities using the “Voices Off” Policy to ensure ASL immersion. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

ASL IV: American Sign Language

Prerequisite: Level III or teacher recommendation
In ASL 4, students will expand communicative knowledge developed in ASL 1-3 focusing on advanced grammar, vocabulary, and conversational fluency. This course is created for those students who have mastered basic and intermediate ASL concepts, and are ready to discover more complex language structures. Emphasis will be placed on enhancing both receptive and expressive signing abilities, as well as cultural awareness within the Deaf community. Students will engage in real-world scenarios, storytelling techniques, advanced classifiers, interactive activities, and projects. Students are expected to participate in "Voices Off" policy to ensure ASL immersion. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Chinese I

Open to grades 9-12
This is a beginning Chinese course designed for students with little or no previous knowledge of Chinese language. In Chinese I, students will be introduced to the Pinyin system and simplified characters. By the end of the year, students will be able to recognize 300 characters and express thoughts about their daily life, family, food, and preferences in words, phrases and sometimes sentences in a culturally appropriate way. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Chinese II

Prerequisite: Level I or teacher recommendation
In Chinese II, more authentic materials will be provided to expand students’ vocabulary to approximately 700 characters. Students are pushed to create detailed extended sentences to describe, support opinions and narrate as well as to ask original questions. With further understanding of sentences, students will advance the knowledge of Chinese culture and society. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Chinese III

Prerequisite: Level II or teacher recommendation
In Chinese III, students are exposed to more complex grammatical structures in reading and listening. They are challenged to use the language to communicate, make comparisons, relate cultures and acquire information. Students will be exploring sociocultural issues and learn to handle more complex social interactions. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Chinese IV

Prerequisite: Level III or teacher recommendation
Chinese IV is an advanced course. It is designed to not only further develop students’ language skills, but also deepen their insight into various aspects of Chinese culture. Students will be able to use more sophisticated vocabulary and sentences to communicate more effectively, both in speaking and writing. In addition to a structured textbook, students will interact with authentic materials in a variety of genres. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

AP Chinese Language & Culture

Prerequisite: Chinese IV or recommendation from current teacher
AP Chinese Language and Culture course is designed to be comparable to fourth semester of college course in Mandarin Chinese. Throughout the course, students will develop the awareness and appreciation of the culture of Chinese-speaking people, and view it in an international context, influencing and being influenced by the global community. Students can apply their growing knowledge through three communicative modes: Interpersonal, Interpretive, and Presentational. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

French I

Open to grades 9-12
In French I, students learn the fundamentals of the French language and phonetics. They learn to converse with people by asking and answering questions about school, family, friends, activities, and food in the present tense and near future tenses. They begin to explore the diversity of the Francophone world. At the end of the course they can write short but clear sentences in sequence to create paragraphs on the topics we have studied. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

French II

Prerequisite: Level I or teacher recommendation  
In French II, students build on prior knowledge and skills to express themselves in the past tense. They continue to broaden their vocabulary, concentrating on leisure activities, holidays, and vacations. They continue to learn about the francophone world. At the end of the course students can write journals and engage in conversation about personal experiences in past, present and near future tenses. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

French III

Prerequisite: Level II or teacher recommendation
In French III students build on prior knowledge and skills to express themselves in two past tenses as well as in the conditional. They learn vocabulary for the home, food, health, and technology. They continue to explore the diversity of the francophone world. At the end of the course students can speak in and write detailed extended sentences to describe, to support opinions and to narrate in paragraph-length discourse as well as to ask original questions. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

French IV

Prerequisite: French III or teacher recommendation
In French IV, students build on prior knowledge and skills to express themselves in the future and in the subjunctive. They learn vocabulary for city life, careers, the environment and the arts. They continue to explore the diversity of the francophone world. At the end of the course students can speak in and write sophisticated extended sentences to describe, to support opinions and to narrate in paragraph-length discourse as well as to ask original questions. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

AP French Language & Culture

Prerequisite: French IV or teacher recommendation
The goal of this undergraduate-level course is to prepare students for the AP French Exam while expanding their knowledge of the history, culture, and literature of the French-speaking world. The six AP themes that will be explored are: Families and Communities, Beauty and Esthetics, Science and Technology, Personal and Public Identities, Contemporary Life, and Global Challenges. Students continue to broaden and to deepen their previously acquired grammar and vocabulary. There is a heavy emphasis on reading, speaking, and writing in this immersion course. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

French Culture and Conversation through Film and Literature

Prerequisite: French II or teacher recommendation
Embark on a journey through the vibrant tapestry of French artistic expression and immerse yourself in the rich world of French culture as we explore the interconnected realms of cinema and literature, uncovering their profound influence on the global cultural landscape. Explore the diversity of French film by analyzing the cultural, social, and political dimensions embedded in French cinema. Dive into a literary odyssey through the masterpieces of French literature, spanning centuries and genres. From Prévert's romantic poetry to Camus's existential novels and the contemporary works of diverse voices, this module invites you to explore the profound impact of French literature on global literary traditions. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Spanish I

Open to grades 9-12
Spanish I provides students with a general introduction to the language. Emphasis is on functional vocabulary related to every life, basic grammatical structures, and exposure to the cultures and geography of the Spanish-speaking world. At this level, students practice asking and answering simple questions, describing people and their immediate surroundings, expressing likes and dislikes, and narrating short sequences in present tense. Activities focus on listening comprehension, speaking and (limited) writing tasks, and meaningful interaction with authentic materials to promote basic proficiency. (1 credit; full block, Fall semester only)

Spanish II

Prerequisite: Level I or teacher recommendation
Spanish II builds on the concepts covered in Spanish I, and continues the development of all four learning modalities (speaking, writing, listening, and reading). At this level, students continue to increase their practical vocabulary and become more comfortable speaking and writing in present tense. They create detailed, extended sentences to describe, support opinions, and narrate short sequences as well as ask original questions. By the end of the course, students have begun to study past tense. As in Spanish I, Spanish II students are provided context and conversational examples from authentic language materials for all concepts and themes covered. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Spanish III

Prerequisite: Level II or teacher recommendation
Building upon the foundational concepts and vocabulary in the first two years, Spanish III students work with progressively more complex vocabulary, reading, and listening materials, produce more detailed, paragraph-length writing, and participate in extended conversations and in-class discussions. At this level, there is an emphasis on grammar tenses beyond the present tense, including past tenses (imperfect and preterite) and future, as well as an introduction to the subjunctive mood. Students can expect regular out-of-class assignments such as reading news articles and short novellas and viewing target-language short films and videos to supplement the textbook. All print, audio- and audiovisual materials are designed for native speakers, thus reinforcing the importance of using authentic source material to build proficiency. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Spanish IV

Prerequisite: Level III or teacher recommendation
Spanish IV includes a review and in-depth study of all verb tenses through contextualized activities and using materials created for native speakers. At this level, listening, reading, writing and speaking skills are rigorously honed through essay-length writing, vocabulary building, and extended in-class discussions and oral presentations, thus helping students build their communicative proficiency and prepare for the AP Language and Culture course or other advanced-level courses. Spanish IV students explore Spanish-speaking cultures through a wide array of authentic materials, including music, essays, literature, visual art, theater, film and current events. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Spanish Culture and Conversation

Prerequisite: Spanish III or teacher recommendation
This course is designed to elevate students' interpersonal and presentational speaking skills in Spanish and to deepen their understanding of Spanish and Latin American cultures. This course strives not to overemphasize grammatical accuracy at the expense of communication. Rather, emphasis is on building oral proficiency and vocabulary expansion; grammar review is limited and on an "as needed" basis. Given the focus on oral proficiency in this course, students can expect frequent in-class oral presentations and daily participation in pair and group discussions. (1 credit; full block, one semester)

Spanish for Heritage Speakers

Prerequisite: Level IV or teacher recommendation
This course is offered to Hispanic bilingual students who mainly communicate in Spanish at home, but English is their dominant language at school and daily lives. These students have a tight relationship with the Hispanic community because their families are from a Spanish-speaking country or were born in a Spanish-speaking country. It is designed for students who want to improve their communication skills in a more formal academic setting. In this course, the students will study themes related to their histories as Spanish speakers in the United States and the country’s history. Another essential objective is to explore, via cultural and community activities, the wide variety of Hispanic cultures in the United States and abroad. By doing so, they gain awareness and a better understanding of their unique history and bi-cultural advantages. (1 credit; full block, one semester)
*Offered every two years.

AP Spanish Language & Culture

Prerequisite: Level IV or teacher recommendationIn this college-level class, students continue to master their skills in Spanish by applying the interpersonal, interpretive, and presentational modes of communication in real-life situations. This course emphasizes building vocabulary, reading advanced-level texts, and developing more sophistication and accuracy in speaking and writing, while developing an awareness of and appreciation for the products, practices and perspectives of the Spanish-speaking world. Students use a variety of resources to explore the history, geography, arts, current events, science, and technology related to six global thematic units. AP students can expect to participate in class discussions and project-based activities, write persuasive essays, give presentations, and practice AP exam tasks. Students enrolled in this course are required to take the AP exam.